Orion IVF Pune | Dr.Parag Hitnalikar

Sperm DNA fragmentation test
Lot of patients come to me and say that doctor all my reports are normal but why I am still not
able to conceive? We may feel that we know a lot about fertility but we know very little about
how our body works as of now. As far as male infertility testing is concerned, semen analysis is
the most common test that is done. But apart from semen analysis, various other advanced
tests are available for the evaluation of semen. It is estimated that approximately 10 to 15% of
infertile males have some alteration in sperm DNA. So it makes sense to study the sperm DNA
composition which can give us some hint about the actual problem.
The sperm DNA fragmentation test is an advanced test for semen study. But what is a sperm
DNA fragmentation test?
What is sperm DFI?
Sperm is divided into three parts. It has got a head, middle piece, and tail. The main function of
sperm is to carry the DNA material from the male to the female egg. All of the DNA material is
compressed in the head portion of the sperm with the help of certain proteins. This DNA
material must be protected and preserved to avoid any complications in the pregnancy.
This DNA material in the sperm head can get damaged because of certain factors. Now, what
are these factors?
Intrinsic factors
Certain factors that are present in the body such as oxidative stress, certain infections, and
cancers, defective germ cells can cause a damaging effect on the sperm.
Extrinsic factors
Those factors which are present outside the body also can harm the sperm DNA. Excessive
exposure to heat or radiation, smoking, alcohol, certain drugs, and environmental pollutants;
can have a deleterious effect on sperm DNA.
● High scrotal temperature;
This can happen because of wearing too tight underwear, fever or varicocele
● Infection in the semen
Infection caused by bacteria such as chlamydia can affect sperm quality
● Drugs and chemicals
Certain drugs, as well as environmental chemicals such as pesticides, can harm your
sperms
● Tobacco and alcohol
Tobacco and alcohol contains high levels of oxidative stress. Consumption of these
substances can seriously harm DNA.
● Advanced age
Sperm dna fragmentation increases dramatically with age, especially from age of 45
onwards
How does high sperm dna fragmentation affect fertility
● Reduction in fertilization rate
● Affects embryo quality
● Reduces implantation rate
● Increases miscarriage rate

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